The content are copied from the websites, personal findings were written in red color.Economic and Tourism Aspects of the Olympic Games GaWC Research, Tourism Review (The Sydney Olympic Games in 2000 )- Abstract: It is an analysis about sport-tourism influence and what influence of the Olympic bring to the city.
- Introduction: In this paper the development of the Olympic Games (the biggest mega sport and media event ever) is analysed as an interesting case in the sport-tourism relationship. The Olympics are indeed the biggest show on earth … the most participants in history, … spectators on site and the greatest television audience ever (Fortune Magazine, May 1996 p. 33-56). This marriage of convenience between sport and tourism will be explored and exemplified, first in general and second by means of on historical overview and the economic impact of the Olympic Games.
- Tourism and the Tourism IndustryAccording to a World Travel and Tourism Council report (www.wttc.org) discussing the economic importance of tourism in the year 2004, tourism is the “world's largest industry and largest employer” with $US 5,490.4 billion in gross output and 214.7 million jobs or 8.1% of total employment.
Countries now boast considerable potential for developing different strategies to attract tourists. The basic facilities (cf. figure 1) a visitor to a place looks for are:
1. adequate transport infrastructure like roads, airports, public transport, etc.;
2. a store of cultural and/or historical wealth to appeal to visitors such as beautiful landscapes, rustic villages, architectural and artistic monuments, etc.;
3. andappropriate and various accommodation, hospitality and commercial supply.
- Olympic Sport as a Mega-Event: “Organizing major events, for example the Olympic Games, can bring benefits to the host nation such as prestige and improved national morale.” (Ritchie 1988 p. 2-11 & cited in Standeven & De Knop 1999 p. 213)
--> If the host nation organizes Olympic better, the more prestige and national morale will be improved. And the adequate transport infrastructure is the primary reason to attract tourists. I think this can be a reason to support, why we want to design our project for Olympic tourist.
- The Interrelationship between Sports Mega-Events and Tourism
- Relationship between the Games and TourismThe relationship between the Olympics (which are the greatest sport event) and tourism is obvious.
The diverse preparations in Sydney for the 2000 Games not only cater for the 11,116 athletes, but also take into consideration the potential tourism inflow from Olympic spectators (which could number in the millions), ....
SOCOG would obviously like to prevent a repeat of the logistics problems in Atlanta. Sydney has spent a lot of time and money refurbishing and reorganising its public transport system in preparation for the Games. The new rail link is able to carry 50,000 passengers per hour between venues and the Sydney Olympic Park.
- A well planned, properly marketed and publicised mega-event like the Olympic Games attract millions of foreign and domestic visitors to a place. Tourists attend the event and spend money in related tourism businesses while it is being held. They also visit surrounding tourist destinations and attractions and may even extend their stay to take in attractions in other cities and states outside the event perimetres. The flow-on effects of event tourism are numerous: they act as image maker, travel motivator, stimulator of infrastructure and communications development, employment generator, add to gross domestic product and generally boost the economy of the host nation. Some criticism has been levied on governments for not doing enough to lure major mega-events like the Olympics to their shores. Other critics say the net benefits to a place are overrated given the cost of building world-standard facilities to host such mega-festivals, which is increasingly being born by tax payers, and the inevitable disruptions to normal business, residents, the environment and the general living conditions.“Event tourism must, therefore, seek to enhance the attractiveness of individual events and festivals and to use them to enhance destination attractiveness. [he also states] Successful events can enhance the image of the destination, generating an important but often unmeasurable increase in general-purpose tourism.” (Getz 1991 p.23-36) .
At the same time the event organisers and government participants must be seen to be working toward minimising disruption to local residents in the short-and-long-term, and maximising the return on investment—both financial and emotional—to the private and public contributors. Admittedly, this is a delicate balancing act, one that organisers past of the Olympics have not always been able to achieve.
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